Selasa, 05 Januari 2016

BIOKIMIA PENYAKIT IMUNITAS

TUGAS BIOKIMIA
PENYAKIT IMUN
(Primary Immunodeficiency Disorder )
Oleh : Gisella Ajeng    14.0395

Nama penyakit : Gangguan Imunodefisiensi Primer (PID)
Pengertian :  gangguan imunodefisiensi primer merujuk pada berbagai gangguan yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya atau tidak adanya salah satu atau lebih komponen dari sistem kekebalan tubuh. Gangguan tersebut dapat bersifat kronis dan biasanya merupakan gangguan yang penting. PID menyebabkan pasien tidak dapat memberikaan respon yang akurat tentang infeksi yang terjadi.  Gangguan yang sering nampak pada PID adalah peningkatan kerentaan terhadap terjadinya infeksi. ( McCusker,2011). 
Ganguan Imunodefisiensi Primer disebabkan oleh gangguan sistem imun yang dapat bersifat gangguan sistem imun adaptif dan gangguan sistem imun alami. Gangguan sistem imun adaptif berupa kegagalan pengembangan diferensiasi dan pematangan sel T dan sel B yang merupakan sel utama dari sistemkekebalan adaptif tubuh. Manifestasi penyakit gangguan imunodefisiensi primer dapat berupa infeksi saluran pernafasan dan pencernaan yang disertai dengan gejala sistemik seperti demam, penurunan berat badan dan gagal tumbuh. Gangguan pada pematangan / defisiensi sel T akan mengakibatkan lymphopenik ( limfosit berada pada tingkat abnormal rendah ) dan neutropenia (neutrofil berada dalam tingkat abnormal rendah ), dalam kondisi yang parah, gangguan defisiensi sel T dapat menyebabkan SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency) dimana pada tahun pertama biasanya pasien mengalami diare kronis, gagal tumbuh dan tidak jarang mengalami infeksi patogen yang oportunitis ( contoh : sariawan ) sedangkan gangguan defisiensi pada sel B mengakibatkan peningkatan kerentaan terhadap infeksi saluran pernafasan terutama yang disebabkan oleh Streptococus pneuminiae dan Haemophilus influenzae.
Pengobatan : PID dapat diobati dengan penggantian imunoglobulin dengan indikasi pengobatan PID dengan kekurangan antibodi dominan.   

video?? Anak Farmasi Juga Bisa :)

hallo again rakyat..
mimin hari ini mo upload video, (pagi pagi min, video apa hayooo?? )
ini video lebih biru dari video biru *soalnya warna warni*, lebih joss dari video joss
penasaran yaa?? nungguin yaaa??
*jangan pada ngeres yaaa.. ;)

VIDEO KARYA ANAK BANGSA FARMASI
CEKIDOTT!!

CIE ANAK GADGET..

Selamat Pagi Umat manusia..
upload lagi nii hasil kurang kerjaannya anak farmasi
sakirng hits nya anak farmasi, hari libur udah ngga levelnya lagi jalan jalan ngga menghasilkan..
meskipun liburan, yang katanya libur setahun itu..
(Btw, happy New Year ya..) ini nih ternyata yang anak hits lakukan gengs..
cekidotttt


  eitss.. ini bukan iklan tampilan aplikasi baru yes, ini itu design poster tentang bahaya nya pake gadget dan gimana sih cara pake gadget yang baik..
hmm, sebagai generasi digital harus tau ni perihal ginian..dicoba sarannya ngga bikin dosa ya gengs..

see you dadah bye bye.. :D

Senin, 14 Desember 2015

Yakin masih Kurang????





Hallo Gils? pernah gagal? pernah kecewa? pernah ngerasa diri kita ini kbanyaaaak banget kurangnya dari orang lain? atau kurang bersykur tentang apa yang kita punya?

kali ini admin kasi liat kalian tentang video seekor burung Kiwi yang bisa terbang walaupun tanpa sayap. burung Kiwi adalah salah satu spesies unggas yang ngga bisa terbang, namun suatu saat dia menemukan cara bagaimana untuk terbang dengan usaha dan berfikir positif, serta kemampuan untuk berimajinasi melihat hal baik dari sisi yang lain.. So, jangan lupa Bersyukur ya Gils :)

Senin, 23 November 2015

FARMASI?? apaan sih itu?

SELAMAT SIANG Halayak Ramai!! haha , long time no see ya..
pada sudah pernah dengar kata FARMASI??
pasti belum kaan..
apasih farmasi itu?
ini nih beberapa contoh hal yang ada kaitannya sama farmasi
jas laboratorium, obat obatan, penelitian, resep dokter, reaksi kimia, apoteker.. keren kaaan, joss kaaaan, istimewa kaaaan..
nah kali ini admin mau share ni salah satu mainan kesehariannya anak farmasi. yups, admin mau share salah satu obat buat kalian kalian yang punya penyakit Vertigo, lets cekidot guys


yups, namanya betahistin..buat kalian halayak ramai yang punya penyakit vertigo mungkin tau kan obat obatan yang namanya mertigo merislon dan sebangsanya itu, nah si betahistin ini adalah kandungan dari obat obatan yang admin sebutkan tadi.. harganya lebih terjangkau lho guys, nha asik kan kalo bisa tau hal hal indah kaya gini. Jadi buat kalian kalian yang pingin jadi FARMASIS SEJATI ngga usah ragu, Farmasi itu ASIK 
 terus gimana caranya kalau pengen jadi farmasis? EASY guys , buat kalian kalian adek adek SMA yang IMUT, yang mau jadi FARMASIS SEJATI. di Semarang sudah banyak kok Akademi dan Universitas dengan bidang studi Farmasi. salah satu yang terbaik di Semarang adalah Akademi Farmasi Theresiana Semarang. /Apasih Min yang bisa kita dapet kalo kuliah di sana? /BANYAK keleus. Buat temen temen yang sudah bekerja sebagai farmasis dan pingin memantabkan jatidirinya sebagai Farmasis, ada kok program khusus karyawan, di sana juga ada dua kelas reguler pagi dan sore jadi kalian bisa tuh sesuaiin jadwal kuliah kalian dengan jadwal kerja. Kelas reguler bisa kok untuk kalian yang baru mau daftar dari SMA/SMK dan untuk kalian yang sudah bekerja
yang lain dari Akfar Theresiana adalah : ada banyak banget kegiatan menarik di sana salah satunya yang lagi in dan hangat adalah AKFAR FUTSAL COMPETITION yang barusan aja diadain beberapa hari yang lalu, adalagi program PKM atau Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa, yang rutin diadain di sana. di program ini kita diajak untuk jadi calon ilmuan yang berdedikasi dengan menulis karya Ilmiah guys.. kerenkaaaaaaan?? hahaha
itu mah sedikit Min, ngga BANYAK,/ wiiih jangan salah.. ada lagi kok. Kalo kalian jadi Farmacist, khusunya kalo kalian kuliah di AKFAR Theresiana kalian baakal diajarkan gimanasih cara bikin obat, dari tablet sampe sediaan steril kaya tetes mata gitu guys/Masa sih Kaaaaaak? haha/ woo ya jelas, bahkan kalian juga diajakin berkreativitas buat bikin kemasan obat yang kalian buat kaya gini nihh 


itu salah satu contoh kemasan betahistin yang sudah di recreate yang bisa dibuat dengan mudah kalau kalian jadi FARMASI SEJATI. So, masi ragu jadi Farmasis? :)

Kamis, 16 Oktober 2014

laughing therapy

Laughter is the Best Medicine


The Health Benefits of Humor and Laughter

Laughter is the Best Medicine Humor is infectious. The sound of roaring laughter is far more contagious than any cough, sniffle, or sneeze. When laughter is shared, it binds people together and increases happiness and intimacy. Laughter also triggers healthy physical changes in the body. Humor and laughter strengthen your immune system, boost your energy, diminish pain, and protect you from the damaging effects of stress. Best of all, this priceless medicine is fun, free, and easy to use.

Laughter is strong medicine for mind and body


“Your sense of humor is one of the most powerful tools you have to make certain that your daily mood and emotional state support good health.”
~ Paul E. McGhee, Ph.D.

Laughter is a powerful antidote to stress, pain, and conflict. Nothing works faster or more dependably to bring your mind and body back into balance than a good laugh. Humor lightens your burdens, inspires hopes, connects you to others, and keeps you grounded, focused, and alert.

With so much power to heal and renew, the ability to laugh easily and frequently is a tremendous resource for surmounting problems, enhancing your relationships, and supporting both physical and emotional health.

Laughter is good for your health


  • Laughter relaxes the whole body. A good, hearty laugh relieves physical tension and stress, leaving your muscles relaxed for up to 45 minutes after.
  • Laughter boosts the immune system. Laughter decreases stress hormones and increases immune cells and infection-fighting antibodies, thus improving your resistance to disease.
  • Laughter triggers the release of endorphins, the body’s natural feel-good chemicals. Endorphins promote an overall sense of well-being and can even temporarily relieve pain.
  • Laughter protects the heart. Laughter improves the function of blood vessels and increases blood flow, which can help protect you against a heart attack and other cardiovascular problems.

The Benefits of Laughter
Physical Health Benefits:
  • Boosts immunity
  • Lowers stress hormones
  • Decreases pain
  • Relaxes your muscles
  • Prevents heart disease
Mental Health Benefits:
  • Adds joy and zest to life
  • Eases anxiety and fear
  • Relieves stress
  • Improves mood
  • Enhances resilience
Social Benefits:
  • Strengthens relationships
  • Attracts others to us
  • Enhances teamwork
  • Helps defuse conflict
  • Promotes group bonding

Laughter and humor help you stay emotionally healthy


Laughter makes you feel good. And the good feeling that you get when you laugh remains with you even after the laughter subsides. Humor helps you keep a positive, optimistic outlook through difficult situations, disappointments, and loss.

More than just a respite from sadness and pain, laughter gives you the courage and strength to find new sources of meaning and hope. Even in the most difficult of times, a laugh–or even simply a smile–can go a long way toward making you feel better. And laughter really is contagious—just hearing laughter primes your brain and readies you to smile and join in the fun.

The link between laughter and mental health

The link between laughter and mental health
  • Laughter dissolves distressing emotions. You can’t feel anxious, angry, or sad when you’re laughing.
  • Laughter helps you relax and recharge. It reduces stress and increases energy, enabling you to stay focused and accomplish more.
  • Humor shifts perspective, allowing you to see situations in a more realistic, less threatening light. A humorous perspective creates psychological distance, which can help you avoid feeling overwhelmed.

The social benefits of humor and laughter


Humor and playful communication strengthen our relationships by triggering positive feelings and fostering emotional connection. When we laugh with one another, a positive bond is created. This bond acts as a strong buffer against stress, disagreements, and disappointment.

Selasa, 14 Oktober 2014

How far you know about Chocollate??

 
By Dr. Mercola
The health benefits of dark chocolate are all the rage right now, with increasing numbers of studies pointing to its rich concentrations of beneficial antioxidants and polyphenols.
This applies particularly to dark chocolate because it contains a higher concentration of cacao seeds than milk chocolate, and therein lies the secret to its health-promoting powers.
Cacao refers to the plant, a small evergreen tree of the species Theobroma cacao, which is cultivated for its seeds, also known as cacao beans or cocoa beans. The term “chocolate” refers to the solid food or candy made from a preparation of cacao seeds (typically roasted). If the cacao seeds are not roasted, then you have "raw chocolate," which is also typically sweetened.
Cocoa, on the other hand, refers to the powder made from roasted, husked, and ground cacao seeds, from which most of the fat has been removed. Knowing the meaning of these terms is important, because if you think you’re improving your health by eating typical chocolate candies, you’re being misled.
That being said, however, certain types of chocolate, as well as cocoa powder and cacao, are turning out to be powerful super foods that rank right up there among the most anti-inflammatory and antioxidant-rich foods known to mankind.

Chocolate Is Linked to 40+ Health Benefits

In case you were wondering, it’s not only your heart that might benefit from the compounds in cacao and cocoa powder. A wide range of accumulating scientific research has linked its consumption to over 40 distinct health benefits.8 While most of you have heard about the importance of antioxidants, a primer might help, beginning with the explanation that the formation of free radicals in your cells can damage your DNA to the point that your risk of developing diseases like Alzheimer’s, heart disease, and cancer are elevated.
This is why the antioxidant polyphenols in chocolate are so valuable, as they have the ability to stop free radical-mediated oxidation. This helps to decrease your risk of those and other diseases by directly interfering with one of the major preventable causes of chronic degenerative diseases.
Chocolate also contains other potent plant “chemicals,” including anandamide, named after the Sanskrit word for “bliss,” which is a neurotransmitter in the brain that temporarily blocks feelings of pain and anxiety. The caffeine and theobromine in chocolate have been shown to produce higher levels of physical energy and mental alertness, and there are likely many more healthy chocolate compounds that have yet to be discovered.


How to Identify High-Quality Chocolate… and Determine the Right ‘Dose’

  In general, it seems preferable to consume smaller amounts of chocolate at more frequent intervals, much like the principle of split dosing for supplements, in order to ensure a steadier stream of nutrients in your bloodstream.studies show daily consumption in divided doses (two to three times per day) is probably beneficial, as long as you aren't going overboard in quantity, and as long as you're eating high-quality chocolate.
The closer your cocoa is to its natural raw state, the higher its nutritional value. Ideally, your chocolate or cocoa should be consumed raw (cacao). When selecting chocolate, you can optimize its nutritional punch by looking for higher cacao and lower sugar content. In general, the darker the chocolate, the higher the cacao. However, cacao is fairly bitter, so the higher the percentage cacao, the more bitter it is (the flavanols are what make the chocolate bitter, so manufacturers often remove them. But, it's those flavanols that are responsible for many of chocolate's health benefits). To counteract the bitterness, most chocolate is sweetened, so it's a matter of balancing nutritional benefit with palatability.Although raw cacao is the most nutritious form, most of the health studies to date involve consumption of cocoa or chocolate, not raw cacao. And the results are STILL significantly positive. This fact suggests a good portion of the nutritional benefit of chocolate is retained after processing. Your goal then is to find a chocolate that's as minimally processed as possible, but still palatable. You don't want to eliminate too many of the health benefits by eating a product that contains a lot of sugar and chemicals. Choose chocolate with a cocoa/cacao percentage of about 70 or higher.
If you can tolerate the flavor of raw cacao, however, then that's the absolute best option. Milk chocolate is not a good choice as it contains both pasteurized milk and large quantities of sugar, which will significantly dampen its health benefits. White chocolate is also high in sugar and contains none of the phytonutrients, so it is not a good choice either. Dark chocolate – as high in cacao and as bitter as you can stand -- is your best option.